What causes a kidney infection?
Kidney infections are usually caused by bacteria that enter the urinary tract and travel upward from the bladder to the kidneys. The most common culprit is E. coli, a bacterium normally found in the digestive tract. Certain factors, such as urinary blockages, kidney stones, or a weakened immune system, can increase the risk of infection. Early treatment of bladder infections can help prevent the infection from spreading to the kidneys.
What are the symptoms of a kidney infection?
Symptoms often include fever, chills, pain in the back, side, or groin, and frequent or painful urination. Some people may also experience cloudy or bloody urine, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. Symptoms can develop quickly and may become severe if left untreated. Seeking medical attention as soon as symptoms appear can help prevent serious complications.
How is a kidney infection diagnosed?
Doctors typically diagnose a kidney infection through a physical examination, medical history review, and laboratory testing. Urine tests can identify bacteria and signs of infection, while blood tests may be used to assess the severity of the condition. In some cases, imaging studies such as ultrasounds or CT scans are recommended to check for kidney stones or other abnormalities. Accurate diagnosis ensures the most effective treatment plan.
How is a kidney infection treated?
Most kidney infections are treated with antibiotics to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection. Mild cases can often be managed with oral medications, while severe infections may require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics. Drinking plenty of fluids and following the prescribed treatment plan can support recovery. Completing the full course of antibiotics is essential to prevent the infection from returning.
